Guides

Guides

Deep, practical reading guides for crude quality, pricing, OSP logic and refinery fit—written for trading and refining professionals.

Guides

Core topics

Light sweet crude: what matters in trading and refining

Deep, practical reading guides for crude quality, pricing, OSP logic and refinery fit—written for trading and refining professionals.

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Medium sour crude: distillates, sulfur and conversion value

Deep, practical reading guides for crude quality, pricing, OSP logic and refinery fit—written for trading and refining professionals.

Open

Heavy sour crude: residue economics, freight and coker value

Deep, practical reading guides for crude quality, pricing, OSP logic and refinery fit—written for trading and refining professionals.

Open

Benchmarks & differentials: from flat price to delivered economics

Deep, practical reading guides for crude quality, pricing, OSP logic and refinery fit—written for trading and refining professionals.

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Official Selling Prices (OSP): term pricing logic and monthly structure

Deep, practical reading guides for crude quality, pricing, OSP logic and refinery fit—written for trading and refining professionals.

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Refinery fit: turning crude quality into margins and constraints

Deep, practical reading guides for crude quality, pricing, OSP logic and refinery fit—written for trading and refining professionals.

Open

Crude substitution baskets: compare barrels the way buyers actually do

The real question is not whether two grades sound similar, but whether they remain substitutable after quality, freight and terminal constraints are added.

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Route economics and Incoterms: from FOB headlines to delivered value

A cargo can look cheap on paper and still disappoint after freight, timing, demurrage and documentary friction are added.

Open page

Marine gasoil vs VLSFO: specs, blend stability and claims

Marine fuel buying depends on sulfur caps, stability, compatibility and the practical discipline of sampling, claims handling and onboard use.

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Glycerin value chain: from crude glycerin to refined and pharma outlets

The value of glycerin depends less on the headline name and more on purification cost, outlet quality and the wider balance of biodiesel by-products.

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Related guides

World crude map: origins, countries and representative grades

A visual atlas of where named crude streams come from, grouped by producing countries and export regions.

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Deep-dive infrastructure and market mechanics

SEO-focused specialist pages on pipelines, export hubs, benchmarks, tanker classes and refinery complexity.

Pipeline systems, nominations and terminal interfaces

How gathering lines, trunk pipelines, tariffs, linefill and terminal interfaces shape crude availability and market optionality.

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Export hubs, berths and port-side crude optionality

A commercial guide to berth availability, draft constraints, storage turns, inspection timing and the role of export hubs in crude price discovery.

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Benchmark relationships, spreads and differential logic

A practical guide to how Brent-, WTI-, Dubai/Oman- and cargo-linked pricing families interact across crude and product flows.

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Tanker classes, parcel size and voyage economics

How Aframax, Suezmax, VLCC and smaller product-tanker categories change route economics, storage logic and crude placement.

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Refinery complexity, yield value and crude fit

Why API gravity, sulfur, residue upgrading, hydrogen balance and product cracks determine how a refinery values one grade versus another.

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